Leone (2001), Can currency demand be stable under a financial crisis?
The case of Mexico, IMF Staff Papers 48, pp 344-366.
MacKinnon, J G (1991), Critical values for cointegration tests, in Engle
Guidotti, P.E., Rodriguez, C.A. (1992), Dollarization in Latin America - Gresham's Law in
Reverse?, IMF Staff Papers, 39, pp. 518-544.
Gutman, P. (1977), The Subterranean Economy, Financial Analysts Journal [...] erve.gov).
Lane, T.D. (1992), Household Demand for Money in Poland - Theory and Evidence, IMF Staff
Papers, 39, pp. 825-854.
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ECB
Work ing Paper Ser ie s No . 330
April 2004
page
173-191.
Blanchard, O., G. Dell’Ariccia & P. Mauro (2010), Rethinking Macroeconomic Policy, IMF
Staff Position Note SPN/10/03, February 12, 2010.
Borio, C. (2014), Monetary policy and financial
(2009), Sophisticated Monetary Policies,
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 419, May.
Bakhshi, H., Martin, B., Yates, T. (2002), How Uncertain are the Welfare Costs [...] Lagos, R. (2006), Inside and Outside Money, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Research Department Staff Report No. 374, May.
Long, J. & C. Plosser (1983), Real Business Cycles, Journal of Political [...] Trust in the Private Provision of Money, Federal Reserve Bank of
Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 467, July.
Matsuoka, T. (2011), Monetary Policy and Banking Structure, Journal of Money
(2000): The Federal Reserve System Discussed: A Compara-
tive Analysis, De Nederlandsche Bank, Staff Reports, No. 56.
FAUST , J. / ROGERS, J.H. / WRIGHT, J.H. (2001): An Empirical Comparison of
it may be necessary to hire additional staff such as radiology technicians that
are familiar with interventional imaging systems. Both new and existing staff may require
outside training to be able [...] different surgical disciplines, interventionalists,
cardiologists and anesthesiologists. Further staff working in these rooms includes nurses
and technicians, resulting in a multitude of requirements [...] clinical applications,
procedural descriptions, imaging and equipment
requirements
Nursing staff (circulating and scrub nurses) Working positions, patient and material logistics
Surgical technicians
Cash and
COVID-19: The impact of the pandemic on the demand for and use of cash. Bank of Canada,
Staff Discussion Paper 2020-6.
Christiansen, L., Prati, A., Ricci, L.A., & Tressel, T. (2009). External [...] 195–227.
Dunbar, G.R., & Jones, C. (2018, May). The (un)demand for money in Canada. Bank of Canada, Staff
Working Papers 18-20.
Esselink, H., & Hernández, L. (2017, November). The use of cash by households
possible
to reconstruct the Council’s collective quantitative assessment of the economic outlook.
Staff forecasts of inflation and output do exist, but their semi-annual frequency and varying
time horizons [...] gap, we know that data on industrial production and other monthly indicators
allow the Bundesbank staff to roughly estimate GDP some weeks before the first official
number is published. In contrast, the
ff
total staff
economics staff
The Irish central bank has no research staff and its economics staff consisted of 27 people in
1999. Figure 9 gives the total number of staff, which has decreased [...] ff
total staff
economics
staff
Table 2. The Staff Ratios of the National Central Banks in the European Union.
Total staff CB /
population
Economic staff CB/
population [...] 1999
year
nu
m
be
r o
f s
ta
ff
total staff
economics
staff
research staff
Figure 6. Total, Economics and Research Staff of Sveriges Riksbank
Sweden
0
200
400
(2009), Sophisticated Monetary Policies,
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 419, May.
Bakhshi, H., Martin, B., Yates, T. (2002), How Uncertain are the Welfare Costs [...] Lagos, R. (2006), Inside and Outside Money, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Research Department Staff Report No. 374, May.
Long, J. & C. Plosser (1983), Real Business Cycles, Journal of Political [...] Trust in the Private Provision of Money, Federal Reserve Bank of
Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 467, July.
Matsuoka, T. (2011), Monetary Policy and Banking Structure, Journal of Money
reform progress of Greece, the
staff teams reportedly worked together efficiently and each of the three Troika members
contributed its special expertise during the staff missions and the surveillance [...] contradictory views. The EC and the IMF published staff reports after every mission.
One might ask if it would perhaps be better to publish a joint staff report of the Troika to
avoid the impression [...] Stand-By Arrangement for Latvia,”
Press Release No. 08/345, December 23, 2008.
7 IMF, “IMF announces staff-level agreement with Romania on € 12.95 billion loan as part of coordinated
financial support,” Press
estimated. Unfortunately, for the period in question, real-time
data on policymakers’ or Bundesbank staff forecasts of most of the vari-
ables in question are not available. On the other hand, the RHS variables [...] differ from those contained in real-time data sets (which
are usually based on published data and staff estimates).
As the outcome of this debate is still open, our approach is to use ex
post data as [...] J. S./Sarno, L./Valente, G. (2004): Monetary Policy Rules,
Asset Prices, and Exchange Rates, IMF Staff Papers 51, 529–552. – Christiano, L.
J./Rostagno, M. (2001): Money Growth Monitoring and the Taylor
authors’ personal opinions and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
Deutsche Bundesbank or its staff.
page
Editorial Board: Heinz Herrmann
Thilo Liebig
Karl-Heinz Tödter
By air sampling measurements and
effectiveness studies the use for the patient and the
clinical staff can be estimated in this manner and
optimization possibilities can be compiled. This is a major
Research
of the Federal Employment Agency
Regensburger Str. 104
D-90478 Nuremberg
Editorial staff
Regina Stoll, Jutta Palm-Nowak
Technical completion
Jutta Sebald
All rights reserved
Reproduction
(1994), Money Demand, Bank Credit, and Eco-
nomic Performance in Former Socialist Economies, IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 41, S. 3 14-349
Champ, Bruce, Freeman, Scott (1 994), Modeling Monetary Economies [...]
El-Erian, Mohamed (1988), Currency Substitution in Egypt and the Yemen Arab Republic,
IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 35, S. 85- 103
Engle, Robert, Granger, Clive (1987), Cointegration and Error Correction: [...] Rodriguez, Carlos A. (1992), Dollarization in Latin America - Gresham's
Law in Reverse?, IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 39, S. 5 18-544
Ha, Jiming (1994), Estimating Rand Circulation in Swaziland, Int
(2009), Sophisticated Monetary Policies,
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 419, May.
Bakhshi, H., Martin, B., Yates, T. (2002), How Uncertain are the Welfare Costs [...] Lagos, R. (2006), Inside and Outside Money, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Research Department Staff Report No. 374, May.
Long, J. & C. Plosser (1983), Real Business Cycles, Journal of Political [...] Trust in the Private Provision of Money, Federal Reserve Bank of
Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 467, July.
Matsuoka, T. (2011), Monetary Policy and Banking Structure, Journal of Money
helpful
discussions.This paper was produced in the context of the background studies prepared by ECB staff as an input into the Governing Council’s reflections on the ECB’s monetary
policy strategy.The views
authors’ personal opinions and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
Deutsche Bundesbank or its staff.
page
Editorial Board: Heinz Herrmann
Thilo Liebig
Karl-Heinz Tödter
Deutsche Bundesbank [...] possible to reconstruct the Council’s collective quantitative assessment of the
economic outlook. Staff forecasts of inflation and output do exist, but their bi-annual
frequency and varying time horizon [...] there
is no data source comparable to the Greenbook produced by the Federal Reserve
Board’s staff). Therefore, the best we can do is to reconstruct the data set which was
available to policy makers
authors’ personal opinions and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
Deutsche Bundesbank or its staff.
page
Editorial Board: Klaus Düllmann
Frank Heid
Heinz Herrmann
authors’ personal opinions and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
Deutsche Bundesbank or its staff.
page
Editorial Board: Heinz Herrmann
Thilo Liebig
Karl-Heinz Tödter
national legal provisions. These include, for example, provisions on security staff
carrying weapons, training of security staff, and the armour plating and equipping of cash-in-transit vehicles.
37 With [...] authors’ personal opinions and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
Deutsche Bundesbank or its staff.
page
Editorial Board: Klaus Düllmann
Frank Heid
Heinz
(2009),
Sophisticated Monetary Policies, Federal Reserve Bank of
Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 419, May.
page
172 Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, 2014, Vol. 3 Seitz [...] Ricardo (2006), Inside and Outside Money, Federal Reserve
Bank of Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report No.
374, May.
Long, John B. & Charles I. Plosser (1983), Real Business Cycles,
Journal [...] Trust in the Private
Provision of Money, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Research Department Staff Report 467, July.
Matsuoka, Tarishi (2011), Monetary Policy and Banking Structure,
Journal of
(2010), Monetary Cycles, Financial Cycles, and the Business
Cycle, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports 421.
Adrian, T. and A. Estrella (2008), Monetary Tightening Cycles and the Predictability
ve.gov).
Lane, T. D. (1992) Household Demand for Money in Poland – Theory and Evi-
dence, IMF Staff Papers, 39, pp. 825–854.
Markose, S., Loke, Y. (2003) Network Effects on Cash-card Substitution